Hans focke



No. 608,5l3.

Patented Aug. 2, |898. H. FOCKE.

CARRIER FOR ABRASIVE HAND TOLS, FILES, &c.

(Application filed Nov. 10, 1 897. (N o M o d el In man1/0 7, i5/J all.

UNITED STATES- PATENT'l EErcE.

' HANS FooKE, or RADEBERG, GERMANY.

CARRIER-FOR ABRASIVE HAND-TOOLS, FILES, sae.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 608,513, dated August 2, 1898.

l Application filed November 10, 1897, Serial No. 658,077. (No model.) Patented in France August 31, 1896, No. 259,310; ill

Austria October 2, 1896,No. 3,8731andiu Belgium October 7, 1896,No.123,900.

To LU whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, HANS FOCKE, manufacturer, a subject of the King of Saxony, residing at Radeberg, nearDresden, in the Kingdom of Saxony and Empire of Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Carriers for AAbrasive Hand-Tools, such as Files, (for which I'have ,obtained vpatents in Austria, No. 3,873, dated October 2, 1896; in France,fNol`259,310, dated August 31, 1896, and in Belgium, No.'123,900, dated October 7, 1896,) of lwhich the following is a specilication. Since' machine-tools have attained .their presentfdegr'ee `of,perfection, and more particularly cutting machines, slotting machines, .and shaping-machines, the Vrequirements for these hand-tools,"which are known generally as .files, have completely changed. Heavy rough work, which was previously 'carried out by means of twelve to fourteen pound arm-files, or, as regards well-formed castings, with straw-packed orGerman les,

is now effected, owing to the division of labor. rendered necessary by the present methods of machine manufacture, almost exclusively by means of machine-tools, and the iileis at the present timea tool which at the most serves for fitting purposes. Workmen decidedly object Vto using heavy files, and machines perform the work of shaping'the outlines both morey exactly and cheaper than it can be done by hand.

The object of this invention is to take into accountlthis change in ythe conditions without thereby rendering the tool'in any wise less serviceable, and the advantages which it presents will be evident 'whenthe fact is stated vthat the fcost of the ,files does not amount to more than a fractional part of the vpresent price, while the weight of a complete assortment of files `is not greater than that of a single file of average weight as hitherto'made. This changeis effected by making oneand the same carrier serve for holding iiles of all cuts, while the device for lining the files in the carrier is adaptable tofiles of the most diverse thickness, without it'being necessary to separatefsuch fastening device from the carriers, as has hitherto been the case.

An important point `to'be considered in effecting a solution of this problem is the fact that the leeblades when in use must be held in tension to as great an extent as possible. In the selection of the fastening device and ofthe shape for the carrier it is therefore necessary to insure that tension acting in opposite directions shall be set up at eachof the points-0f attaehmenteof the file-blades.

In the accompanying drawings is shown in what manner blades which have been cut so as' to form iiles are lfastened to theirc'arrier and also the manner in which these carriers are formech v Y, v v

Figure 1 represents alongitudinal `section of my improved carrier, showing the iile before being Y,adj usted in position; Fig. 2, 4a View showingthe file in position; Fig; 3, a plan view of Fig. 2, and Figs. 4 to 7 illustrate a modified form of the file-carrier.

In Fig. 1 a file-carrier made of wood is shown,which consists of part T,- con'nected with or preferably formed in one piece with the handle G, and of a second bar-shaped part T', arranged in sucha manner as to be movable in the direction of the length ofthe part T, towhich it is united by means of a suitably-bent metal baud B. Theimmovable part T is provided at its strengthened forward end with a metal part m, which serves as a nut for the fastening-screw s, a similar nut m' being provided foi1 the reception ofthe second screw s in the rear end of the movable part T of the ile-carrier-that is 'to say, the end adjacent to the handle. The screw s' is screwed more or less deeply intothe nut m', accordi-ng to the thickness of theiile-blade to beheld. The forward and beveled extremity of the movable part T' of the carrier bears against a correspondinglyfinclined surface t of the iiXed portion of the carrier. There may advantageously be fixed uponthe part T an intermediate layer p, formed thicker at its longitudinal middle point 'than at its eXtremities, and which is usually of some softer material than the iile-carrier-such as pasteboard or softwood, for exampleitspurpose being to impart to the surface of the iile the customary curvature, at the same time forming a soft bedding for the cnt fup rear side ofV the le-blade. A

In order to iix upon the carrier aiiilebladef cut upon both faces,it is placed so that the ta- IOO peringhole provided in its foremost end is over the head of the partially-screwed-iu fastening-screw s, which head is somewhat smaller in diameter than the hole, whereupon the bar T of the carrier, with the second fasteningserew s, is pressed against the screw s until the square head of the .screw s is able to enter a corresponding slot in the rear end of the file-blade, I `ig. l. Thereupon the screw s is screwed in, pressing together the two parts T and T', and owing to the wedge action of the beveled surfacesf and the file-bladej" is drawn against the file-handle G by the screw s. The wedge action which is brought about by the screwing in of the conical head of the screw s in the tapering hole in the ille-blade, which is now eccentric to such head, presses the blade in the opposite direction, so that it is held in tension when in its fixed position. (See Figs. 2 and 3.) IVhen the ille is in use, a further and self-induced tension is set up in the file-bladef as the pressure of the work against the file-blade still further presses the parts T and T together, thereby separating the screw s' from the screw s.

If it should so happen that in any file-blades the fixing-openings are not separated one from the other by exactly the right distance, or if the position of the fasteniiig-screws7 owing to shrinkage of the wood, for example, should become somewhat inexact, the displacement of the beveled surfaces l and l. one against the other, and consequently the tension ofthe file-blade, may be increased by the simple expedient of placing strips of paper or the like upon the intermediate laycrp. In cases in which such subsequent stretching of: the tile-blade is not required the carrier T may, as shown in Fig. 1, be formed in one piece and only such wedging action be employed for stretching the ille-blade as is afforded by screwing in the conical head of the screw s in the cccentrieally-plaeed and tapering hole in the file-blade. For the larger kinds of .hie the carrier may advantageously be formed with a slot S passing right through it in order to impart a certain degree of clasticity to the tool.

Fig. 5 represents a plan view of the upper surface of the file-blade, showing at the righthand side thereof the manner in which the blade is held upon the carrier. Upon the left-hand side, below the slotted, elongated, and tapering hole for the reception of thc screw s, ille nut for the same is shown eccentrically.

The devices for fixing the file-blades are shown in I1`igs. 6 and 7 drawn to a larger scale, and they are specially designed to enable file-blades of different thicknesses to bc securely held in tension by mea-ns of precisely the same fastening devices, while the heads of the .fastening-screws do not project.

All` that is necessaryin ord er that the workman may change a file-blade is to turn the screw s, Fig. i?, in the dovetail-shaped metal part in, which is let into the file-carrier to press back the file-blade upon the rectangular head s', Fig. fi, and raise it, so that owing to the amount of play thus obtained the blade may also become free at s. By a rcversal of this manipulation a fresh file-blade may be inserted and fixed.

Instead of a wooden carrier the whole filecarricr may be made of papier-mache, or where a very light weight is not required itmay bc of malleable cast metal. Instead of forming the file carrier and handle in one piece the carrier may of course be formed, like [iles of the old pattern, with a tang of wrought-iron or malleable cast metal.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and wish to secure by Letters Iatent, is

l. The combination of a tile-carrier having a threaded screw-hole at one of its ends, a file provided at its corresponding end with a plain screw-hole having a conical recess to enlarge the same, a screw having a conical head to secure the file tothe carrier at the said end, and means for securing the lilc at its opgosite end, said screw-hole in the carrier being' more distant from the point ofi attachment of the opposite end than the said conical recess, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

2. The combination of a file-carrier provided with means forgivingthe tile the proper curvatiu'e and elasticity, said file-carrier having a threaded screw-hole at one of its ends, a ille provided at its corresponding end with a plain screw-hole having acouical recess to enlarge the same, a screw having a conical head to secure the file to the carrier at the said end, and means for securing the vtile at its opposite end, said screw-hole in the carrier being more distant from the point of attachment of the opposite end than the said conical recess, substantially as and for the purposes hercinbefore set forth.

3. The combination of a file-carrier having an inwardly-sloping shoulder and a threaded screw-hole at one of its ends, a movable bar one end of which is in contact with said. sloping shoulder, a file provided at its corresponding end with a plain screw-hole having a conical reccss to enlarge the same, a screw having a conical. head to secure the file to the carrier at said end, and means for securing the file at its opposite end, sul'istantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

lt. The combination of a ille-carrier having a sloping shoulder and a threaded screw-hole at one end, a movable bar having a sloping shoulder adapted to contact with the firstmentioned sloping shoulder, a file having at its corresponding end a plain screw-hole having a conical recess to enlarge the same, a screw having a conical head to secure the tile to the carrier at said end, and means for securing the tile at its opposite end, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

The combination of a file-carrier, having a sloping shoulder and a threaded screw-hole IOO IOS

IIC

IZO

at one end, a movable bar having a sloping shoulder adapted to contact with said Iirstnamed sloping shoulder, a file having at .its corresponding end a plain screw-hole having a conical recess to enlarge the same, strips or layers intermediate of themovable bar and the iile proper, a screw having a conical head to secure the file to Jthe carrier at said end, and means for securing the Afile at its opposite end,'substantially as and forthe pur- Io poses hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

HANS FOCKE.

Witnesses:

HERNANDO DE Soro, PAUL ARRAS. 

